廣州電(dian)線電(dian)纜是用于傳輸(shu)電(dian)力、傳輸(shu)信息和實(shi)現(xian)電(dian)磁能量轉換的一大(da)類(lei)電(dian)工產(chan)(chan)品。在抽查過程(cheng)中，發現(xian)了(le)大(da)量的不合格產(chan)(chan)品，這些劣質產(chan)(chan)品給(gei)電(dian)力系統正(zheng)常運(yun)行埋下諸多隱患。

1、標(biao)(biao)志不(bu)合(he)格的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜。標(biao)(biao)志是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜使用識(shi)別產品(pin)基本(ben)信息的(de)(de)主要(yao)途徑(jing)，根據標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)規定標(biao)(biao)志的(de)(de)主要(yao)內容(rong)是(shi)：產品(pin)型號、規格、標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)號、廠名、產地(di)等在一定的(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)示間(jian)距內，當(dang)標(biao)(biao)志不(bu)合(he)格時，會造成施工人員識(shi)別錯誤，嚴重時會引發電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣事故。

2、結構尺(chi)寸(cun)不合格的(de)電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。結構尺(chi)寸(cun)的(de)主(zhu)要問題是(shi)護套厚度(du)，絕(jue)緣厚度(du)，當(dang)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)護套和(he)絕(jue)緣厚度(du)不達標(biao)時，致使(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)耐電(dian)(dian)氣強度(du)會嚴重降低，導致電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)使(shi)(shi)用壽命縮短，嚴重時可導致電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)被擊(ji)穿，絕(jue)緣（護套）層(ceng)起不到正常保(bao)護作用，從而(er)發生電(dian)(dian)氣短路和(he)火(huo)災(zai)等現象。

3、護(hu)套式絕緣(yuan)(yuan)老化(hua)前(qian)的(de)(de)抗張(zhang)強度(du)(du)、伸長(chang)率合格(ge)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜。絕緣(yuan)(yuan)護(hu)套老化(hua)前(qian)的(de)(de)抗張(zhang)強度(du)(du)、伸長(chang)率不合格(ge)直接大大縮短電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜的(de)(de)工作用(yong)壽命(ming)，而且(qie)在施工或(huo)在長(chang)時間通電(dian)(dian)且(qie)溫(wen)度(du)(du)較高的(de)(de)環境中，易出現絕緣(yuan)(yuan)體斷裂，致使(shi)帶電(dian)(dian)導(dao)體裸露(lu)，發生能觸電(dian)(dian)式短路危險。其不合格(ge)的(de)(de)主要原因(yin)是使(shi)用(yong)了再生料生產，以降低產品成本，二是不具備生產資格(ge)小型企業。

4、導(dao)體(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻不合格(ge)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)。導(dao)體(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻主要是(shi)考核電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)導(dao)體(ti)(ti)材(cai)料以及截面是(shi)否符合的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要指標(biao)。當導(dao)體(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻超標(biao)時，就增大了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流在線(xian)路(lu)上(shang)通過(guo)時的(de)(de)(de)(de)損耗(hao)，加(jia)(jia)劇了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)熱。導(dao)體(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻不合格(ge)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)因，主要進企業為了(le)降低成(cheng)本，將占原(yuan)材(cai)料成(cheng)本80%的(de)(de)(de)(de)銅材(cai)縮水，要么降低導(dao)體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)截面積，要么使(shi)用(yong)含雜(za)質過(guo)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)再生銅，這樣(yang)致使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)導(dao)體(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻嚴重(zhong)超標(biao)，在使(shi)用(yong)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)除易引發(fa)火災，還會加(jia)(jia)速(su)包(bao)覆在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)外的(de)(de)(de)(de)絕緣層的(de)(de)(de)(de)老化。

在購買(mai)電線電纜的過程中(zhong)，消費(fei)者應(ying)注意以下幾個事

一、要觀察電(dian)線的外觀。合格(ge)產品的絕緣（護套）層柔軟、有韌(ren)性和(he)伸縮性、表面層緊密、光滑(hua)、無粗糙感。如果(guo)包(bao)裹電(dian)線的塑(su)料很容易被剝去(qu)，則(ze)存在塑(su)料強度不夠的問題。

第二、要看電(dian)線的(de)(de)截面。合格產品的(de)(de)銅芯(xin)或鋁芯(xin)表(biao)面應該具有金屬(shu)光澤，表(biao)面發黑的(de)(de)銅或表(biao)面發白的(de)(de)鋁說明已被氧化。

第三、在購買(mai)電(dian)線(xian)時應注意查看質量合格證(zheng)書。如果電(dian)線(xian)的(de)(de)質量合格，那么(me)其(qi)電(dian)線(xian)質量應該也受過檢驗，不會有太(tai)大的(de)(de)問題。